Medication — Information Only

Cytisine

A plant-derived medication that works similarly to varenicline and has a long history of use in some countries.

What it is

Cytisine is a plant-based partial nicotine-receptor agonist used for smoking cessation for decades, particularly in Central and Eastern Europe, and available in more markets in recent years.

How it works

Like varenicline, it stimulates nicotine receptors partially, reducing withdrawal and blocking nicotine reward. Treatment courses are typically shorter (around 3–4 weeks).

Evidence and effectiveness

Cochrane reviews found cytisine increases quit success versus placebo, and a 2019 randomized trial found it non-inferior to varenicline with fewer adverse events. It is among the most cost-effective cessation medications.

Evidence strength: Moderate

Reported community experiences

Community reports of cytisine are less common in English-language communities; where reported, people describe reduced craving with nausea and sleep disturbance as notable side effects. Community records are being compiled in the Experience Database.

Common considerations

  • Availability varies by country: it is prescription-only in some markets and pharmacy-sold in others
  • Discuss use with a pharmacist or doctor
  • Report side effects as with any medication

Limitations

Information only, not individual advice. Availability, regulation and dosing differ between countries; check local status with a healthcare professional.

Questions to ask a healthcare professional

  • Is this medication appropriate for my medical history and current conditions?
  • What dose and duration would you recommend for me, and how should I take it?
  • What side effects should I expect and which ones mean I should contact you?
  • Does it interact with any of my other medications?
  • What happens if I smoke while using it?
  • How long should I continue it after quitting?

This page is information only. It does not recommend this medication for any individual, does not suggest doses, and does not replace professional medical advice.

Source: Cochrane reviews found cytisine increases quit success versus placebo, and a 2019 randomized trial found it non-inferior to varenicline with fewer adverse events. It is among the most cost-effective cessation medications. Community reports are de-identified and are not scientific evidence.